Competitions

• Posted by Naveen Singh December 6, 2012 - Filed in Other - #Competitions  - 2,369 views

  A school is not enough to be efficient, must also be effective. Both categories are necessary and complementary and today also needs to manage quality criteria, so that the school meets the needs to meet the educational community, being very much in keeping with the criteria of relevance.(Competitions)

   

  Such changes can only be achieved if transform the styles and forms of leadership at different levels and, especially, in school, giving a new orientation to tactical and operational forms, IE, in the medium and short term, for those based on the long term, strategic approach.

   

  A strategic approach is defined as an extrovert attitude, proactive, early, critical and open to change, which is embodied in the concepts of organizational strategy, planning and strategic direction, forming its foundation. The strategic approach does not address all the traditional outdated, but it gives a new direction to the tactical and operational dimensions.

   

  strategic approach to educational activity is characterized by educational strategy, strategic planning and strategic management. SCHOOL STRATEGY: Is long-term program objectives, actions and deployment of resources, designed with a systemic and prospective, that taking into account the internal and external analysis of the school, is developed with the active participation of the educational community and institutional management, and integration ensures that community efforts to comply with quality school social order, is aimed at institutional change and the environment, involve everyone to help address the process of democratization, decentralization and autonomy, opening of the school community, the prospective design of the process and the processes of change in the economic and social order, especially faced by Latin American and Caribbean countries. Planning, is one of four interactive functions of management, although Today we must speak of five functions, since it is necessary to include the assessment. For some authors planning is an important function because, if executed properly, is what directs or guarantee the realization of a successful process management. Planning is, therefore, the process in establishing the objectives and appropriate guidelines for the achievement thereof. All organizations because of their complexity, the changes that occur in their environment and the new roles they have to play today cannot be addressed without his superiors develop plans to address. These plans have been refined in response to the needs and further development has been reached theory of management. STRATEGIC PLANNING IN SCHOOL: Is the way to conceive and develop school strategies that are distinguished from others by the active participation of the various factors of the educational community, characterized by a systemic approach that takes into account the interaction of the different elements of the system (internal factors) and between them and the environment (external factors), and its orientation towards prospective future process undertaken under the leadership of the senior management of the institution. Criteria that provides strategic planning. These are: • You must be executed with the active participation of all members of the educational community, IE not only the school, especially the family, but from other schools that receive and send students, institutions , etc.. • It is a form of participative management that essentially involves all the planning, execution and control of the changes needed in school to adapt to the demands of the environment and achieving collective commitment to take certain signs of identity, to engage and define educational objectives and teaching and school leadership contribute to each centre. • The systemic approach allows design and implement strategies in school watching their interaction with the community in which it operates, transforming it and transforming their environment, This is the new role it deserves to play in the moment. • The strategy to be developed at each school should be designed prospectively and anticipatory, IE future to present, taking as a basis for its design of the model or objectives each level of education as an institution must meet educational and objectives derive her grades or years, and teaching departments and each of them teachers. STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: It is a complete and articulated process by which school formulates objectives, strategies and actions, which implements, implements, monitors and evaluates, through the school's strategy, taking into account its internal benefits of taking advantage of external opportunities, mitigating the disadvantages avoiding or mitigating internal and external challenges, with the aim to create change and therefore positive. educational Managers need two dimensions to the use of management and particularly strategic planning, a conceptual, encompassing theoretical and methodological elements that determine the attitude of the executive to the need projection and occupation for all that must be done to achieve the desired results, and other operatives linked to the essential tools to use for the strategy to develop and implement quality. The latter has seemed secondary, but the results show that it is not, it is necessary to have a methodology to be flexible, to facilitate this process. METHODOLOGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SCHOOL STRATEGY The planning process for the development of the school strategy is a sequence of steps for making strategic decisions, tactical and operational, consists of two stages with characteristics and particularities that differentiate, but which are highly integrated. These stages are: School Development Strategy and Implementation Strategy School. During the first stage, the Strategy of Developing School, dominated by strategic decisions, long-term compliance, and its main results are the definition of the mission, vision and strategic objectives and specific strategies to ensure its realization. These four results are the main components of the school's strategy, which is designed for multiple school years (usually for three.) The results of the second stage of implementation of the school's strategy, are specified for a shorter period than the first, IE for a year, and enable partial fulfilment of the strategic objectives. These results must be reflected in the establishment of the annual plan for the school, which has defined the tactical and operational objectives derived from the strategic actions and the system with which they will comply. METHODS, TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTS MANAGEMENT: The theoretical methods are those that reveal the essential relationships under management, are essential for the understanding of the facts and the formulation of management scenarios. The theoretical methods enhance the possibility of realizing the qualitative leap that allows up to conditioning of empirical information to describe, explain, determine the causes and management hypothesize. Among the theoretical methods of management include: • History - logical • Hypothetical - deductive. • Analytical - synthesis. • Modelling. • Inductive - Deductive. • Systemic - structural. • Holistic - configurations. • Genetic. • Abstract - concrete. Each method consists of procedures that allow, more specifically, to materialize its execution . Empirical methods of management allow for the preliminary analysis of the information, and check and verify the theoretical concepts. From the statement is evidence of the close link between the empirical and theoretical methods. Among the empirical methods are: • Observation. • Measurement. • Experiment. Several techniques that enable the collection of information: • Interviews. • Surveys. • SWOT Matrix. • Brainstorming. these instruments and tools for the collection and analysis of information can be used at the discretion of the instructional leader, allowing to develop their creativity in designing them, supported the use of all instruments that allow complete their management. general details of the methods and techniques: NOTE: It is a systematic method of collecting and description of the socio-psychological manifestations of personality and group, allows knowledge by recording objective indices of behaviour: verbal expressions, the gestures, ways of proceeding, other, as well as characteristics of the environment in which the behaviour takes place and the circumstances in which they occur. Conditions for preparation: • Target set. • Choice of the situation. • Plan of observation. • Warning to those observed, if necessary. • Selection and preparation of observers. Development of the observation guide: The guide observation must be clear, precise, unambiguous, must not allow any error of interpretation, so it will be reliable. Some viewing areas: • Participation. Everything about it. • | Influence and control group norms, status symbol, and participation in the decision on the selection of the target. • Atmosphere group, signs of friendship invitation cooperation. • Effectiveness Task , planning, work organization, use of talent and resources, others. Considering the observation can be fed back to the observers. This facilitates strengthening their current capabilities and changing attitudes. INTERVIEW: It is a structured technique for collecting information from individuals or groups. Information is obtained from a broad and open. Requirements for the interview: • Clear objective. • Problems or important things to know. • Run with precision and driving dynamics of the interview. • Consider who will be interviewed. Development interview guide: • Make a list of questions. • Include follow-up questions to get all the information you really need. • Ask only what is necessary. Conducting the interview: The interviewer must: • Be accurate, thorough, meticulous dynamic and flexible. • Be able to maintain the course of the interview and get all the information you need. • act with tact and delicacy. • Achieve appropriate motivation and stimulation of the interviewee. Registering the information from the interview: • Take notes of the answers. • Create your own shorthand system. • Check the answer. • You can go to someone (one question and the other taking notes). • recording possible, subject to ask permission and explain their reasons. SURVEY: Questionnaire and checklists that are used to meet the criteria and approaches of respondents. It is a structured technique because you have to develop the topics of the questionnaire. collects information on a large scale and saves time. Allows anonymous. Requirements for the survey: • Plan ahead, what information you need, who is going to prosecute and how. • Make the questionnaire in a simple, clear and concrete. • Plan in advance who is going to implement ( a sample or the entire universe). • It is sometimes convenient to perform a test of the questionnaire before their application. • Find key questions to obtain the required information. • Use closed questions to clarify answers concise: marked with crosses, numbers, etc.. • In questions to collect qualitative information or overvaluation use open questions. SWOT MATRIX: Used to consider the strengths and weaknesses of the process in question, and the threats and opportunities of the environment in relation to the subject of study , which must be clearly defined. were used in situations such as: • Diagnosis of a problem situation. • Solution of ideas for new methods and methodological strategies. • Planning partial changes in the school curriculum. • Strategic planning global or partial educational institutions. MATRIX The SWOT analysis enables: • Identify combinations greatest impact in either direction and strategic guidelines to derive them: stop, cancel, support, develop and make more effective the positive sense. • Identify the key the current problem situation, which acts as the controlling element of the difficulties that must be addressed and defined as strategic problem. • Identify key management on the need to work towards fulfilling the mission and that is defined as a strategic solution derived . Different authors make adjustments in the output values ​​to be gained from it: • Strategic Statement to address four formulations paired conditions DA, FA, DD, and FO, as four options simultaneously working to develop, with specific tactics. • Terms paired also take the source for a decision to withdraw, survive, take a cautious policy change or grow. • Complete the process with a unique formulation taking directions that integrate all forces. This latter material is explained and below with the details of procedures. process SWOT matrix building. • Identify the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities, separately. • Performed analysis of the elements identified in the previous section, is required incidents and consequences thereof and reducing the list if necessary. • With the result of the four elements listed SWOT table is formed by columns showing the threats and opportunities and the strengths and weaknesses rows. • There is a analysis of each element matching row with each column element, looking for combinations that have interdependent or impart, identifying its existence (reflecting on other elements) with a cross in the square where appropriate crossing. • Culminating processing contrasts, row and column totals by the number of quantities considered reflections, will help separate the elements in each direction that are critical or priority. • With combinations of these selected results formulated drafting the strategic problem (key problem situation) . • As opposed to the challenge of strategic problem solving responds materialize derived allowing to reach the desired state. Brainstorming: It is known with names like "Brain Storm Brainstorming or" other. The method is aimed at increasing the efficiency of creative work. Like any creative or technical method, we must organize the work, which is planned for when and how we will implement objectives. applies When? Upon determining a problem, analyze a situation, make certain concepts, information that precedes the application of other techniques and other reasons. Stages contemplating • Preparation: Refer to the problem, with a concise question, the answer has to be free of suggestion. • Warming : Use a stimulation should create the right psychological climate. • Generation of ideas. TYPES. • Frece wheeling (freewheel) ideas emerge spontaneously. • Round Robin (Wheel of Time) ideas are asked in turn. • Strip Paper: The ideas are ordered on a strip of paper (no need to put the name of issuer). Evolution: • Reduction List • idea by idea was discussed briefly in this • Clarification • Questions are asked "Filters" • Is it worth solve this problem? • Is attention this problem to be solved by us? • Other deemed. Others necessary organizational aspects of brainstorming. • Selection of participants • We recommend a small group of 8 10 people • skilled are selected with the problem and also lay. • Local Selection • The place should be comfortable, they look good where ideas will be recorded. • Date of citation of the participants so that no activities that match and disrupt the meeting invitation is made ​​containing: Subject, Date and express the importance of the guests for professional reasons. It indicates the time at most one hour. Reflections are asked about it. Principal ideas to consider. 1. This led to obtaining a lot of ideas. 2. The group is led by someone with experience, it incites a plane through the generation of ideas. 3. It aspires to a maximum of ideas to increase the likelihood of useful responses, which can then be combined and improved. 4. Ideal in small groups. 5. Applies to cut questions. 6. Idea generation is not restricted. 7. Do not allow criticism to an idea. 8. The leader gives no criteria. 9. The analysis separates from the idea that generated.